Attenuation of Infrared Radiation When Passing Through a Water Curtain

This article focuses on the interaction of infrared (IR) radiation with water droplets. The main objective of the article is the production of water mist in order of evaluation the reduction in intensity of IR radiation. In the experiments described in this paper, a set of five different nozzles was used with various spray characteristics. The respective nozzles were gradually located between the IR radiation source and a detector and the attenuation of IR radiation was assessed. The reduction in IR radiation intensity was determined and IR radiation transmittance was calculated for the respective tested nozzles

The Development of Penetration Charges for Increasing the Efficiency of the Interventions of Fire Rescue Service Units

During building fires is often necessary to deliver nozzles with water to the desired point of intervention and the wall or ceiling must be penetrated for energy supply and the entrance of persons. Access openings for extinguishing are created with hand tools or explosives, but it is a very time-consuming activity and fragmented material may endanger persons. Another possibility is the use of charges with a water layer, which absorbs the shock wave of the explosion at the back and at the same time significantly suppresses the fragmentation of the building element on which the charge acts. The penetration charge developed in two versions allows a sufficient penetration of the partitio

Possible IED threat to airport premises during security X-ray inspection

key elements of critical infrastructure, belonging to the very high risk category. Any infringement leading to limitation or complete shutdown would cause considerable economic and psychological damage. The most important task is to ensure high quality and reliable physical and technical protection of the airport, because especially in the summer months these areas collect large numbers of people and a possible terrorist attack could be fatal. This paper focuses on assessing the possibilities of solving the problem of IEDs hidden in travel luggage, and their initiation by X-rays during security check

Verification of the efficacy of the special water shaped charge prototype

On the basis of an analysis of terrorist attacks carried out worldwide, where in recent years a preference for the use of bulk explosives placed in vehicles prevails, effective protection against these malicious explosive-containing systems that have a single goal - to cause death and significant material damage in a large radius is dealt. These improvised explosive devices are, in pyrotechnical terms, ranked as one of the most effective weapons, with a highly destructive character of explosive effect. A special water shaped charge that is able to destructively disassemble a bomb without initiation has been developed as an effective invasive means of eliminating similarly designed terrorist explosives hidden in cars, a condition which allows for considerable variation in location.Web of Science65536636

Advanced Methods of Detecting Explosives in Improvised Explosives Devices

Bomb disposal squads who identify and test improvised explosives devices and ordnance mostly use dogs, metal detectors, traditional detectors of trace particles and portable X-ray devices. Magnetometers and ground-penetrating radar devices are used to find ordnance under the ground, and sonar is used to find ordnance under water. In some cases, however, it would also be appropriate to make use of certain advanced methods of detecting explosives, such as quadrupole resonance, neutron in - gamma out, and optical methods of stand-off detection

Control and indicating equipment communicating via the peripheral component interconnect express bus

Nowadays, the Intruder Alarm system is commonly used to protect the life, health and the possession of people in big companies. However, these systems have limited options for managing and remote control. This lack is very often criticized by big companies which want to use the Intruder Alarm System with other applications like Access and Attendance control. The aim of this article is to design a Control and Indicating Equipment which can be implemented into commercially made Personal Computer as expansion card. The designed card provides the main function of the Intruder Alarm system which can be further extended by other applications. The system consists of external communication like Universal Serial Bus, Ethernet and General Packet Radio Service interface. Each individual part of the system is driven by a single microcontroller ATmega328P which can handle communication and evaluation of the current state obtained by devices connected to it. The design can offer all alarm and non-alarm visualization of smart control like irrigation, lights control, audio system, etc. The whole design is driven by the proper standardization and the design consists of every schematic which comes with the explanation. © 2020, Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved

The development of special sequentially-timed charges for breaking frozen waterways

This article documents the development of the noninvasive use of explosives during the destruction of ice mass in river fl ows. The system of special sequentially-timed charges utilizes the increase in effi ciency of cutting charges by covering them with bags fi lled with water, while simultaneously increasing the effect of the entire system of timed charges. Timing, spatial combinations during placement, and the linking of these charges results in the loosening of ice barriers on a frozen waterway, while at the same time regulating the size of the ice fragments. The developed charges will increase the operability and safety of IRS units

Quantitative evaluation of the synergistic effects of failures in a critical infrastructure system

A critical infrastructure is a complicated system whose failure (in whole or in part) has a significant impact on national interests, including security, the economy and basic human needs. The system consists of relevant sectors, elements and their mutual linkages. In order to study critical infrastructures, it is necessary to apply a systems approach based on cross-sectoral evaluation and research into the linkages between the individual critical infrastructure sectors. Specifically, it is necessary to describe the individual vertical and horizontal levels of each critical infrastructure and the associated linkages. From this point-of-view, a critical infrastructure is embedded within the broader context of emergencies and enterprises, representing a compact and mutually-interconnected system. This paper focuses on quantitatively assessing the impacts of critical infrastructure failures. It presents a theory of synergistic linkages, their levels and the synergistic effects due to the joint action of impacts, which increase the overall impact on the critical infrastructure and on society. The concepts are formalized in the SYNEFIA methodology, which is applied in a case study involving the critical infrastructure of the Czech Republic. In particular, the methodology is applied to determine the synergistic effects of disruptions to multiple sub-sectors of the Czech infrastructure. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic [VI20152019049

Design of an internet of things based real-time monitoring system for retired patients

The main aim of this article is to design a monitoring center for collecting and evaluating the physiological function of retired patients in nursing homes. The system should be able to collect the information of body heat, heart rate, blood oxygen, orientation, and sleep time in the form of the little bracelet. The evaluating part of the system with the program can be placed into personal computer (PC) which can provide a user-friendly interface and easy managing. The program can display all needed information of the patient from previous days or months in the form of the graphs and the nursing person can have the view of the patient´s physiological health. The evaluation and the collection of the data from each patient are done only on the card and the computer is only a device for live-view and managing. In case of the power failure, the monitoring system will be still operating normally due to the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) in the form of the battery. It means that the system will operate even if the PC is powered off. The system also has several external communication interfaces like wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi), ethernet, and general packet radio service (GPRS) which provides an external connection. © 2021, Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved.IGA/CebiaTech/2020/003; Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy, MŠMT: LO1303, MSMT-7778/2014; European Regional Development Fund, ERDF: CEBIA-Tech ED2.1.00/03.008

The determination of cystatin C in biological samples via the surface plasmon resonance method

Surface plasmon resonance imaging biosensors have a number of advantages that make them superior to other analytical methods. These include the possibility of label-free detection, speed and high sensitivity to low protein concentrations. The aim of this study was to create and analyze biochips, with the help of which it is possible to test cystatin C in patient urine samples and compare the results with the one-time traditional ELISA method. The main advantage of the surface plasmon resonance imaging method is the possibility of repeated measurements over a long period of time in accordance with clinical practice. The surface of the biochip was spotted with anticystatin C and a negative control of mouse IgG at a ratio of 1:1. The aforementioned biochip was first verified using standard tests and then with patient samples, which clearly confirmed the required sensitivity even for very low concentrations of cystatin C. METHOD SUMMARY Surface plasmon resonance is a sensitive optical method that uses the generation of electromagnetic waves (plasmons) for detection. The propagation of surface plasmons at the metal-dielectric interface is very sensitive to changes in the refractive index, which allows for the monitoring of substance properties very close to the interface. The main advantage of the sensor over other currently used techniques is the possibility of label-free analysis and real-time analysis, with high sensitivity and specificity of the optical method.Nanotechnology Centre, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava [SGS SP 2020/20